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Brazilian large-eyed stingray ：ウィキペディア英語版

Brazilian large-eyed stingray

The Brazilian large-eyed stingray, ''Dasyatis marianae'', is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. Endemic to northeastern Brazil, adults of this species inhabit shallow coral and sandstone reefs while the young are also found near beaches and in estuaries. This stingray measures up to across and can be identified by its large eyes, equally long fin folds above and below the tail, and distinctive coloration consisting of various dark brown markings on a yellowish-brown background above, and two pairs of dark brown blotches on a white background below. Reproduction is aplacental viviparous, with females giving birth to one young at a time, twice a year, and using sandbanks as nursery areas. The Brazilian large-eyed stingray is collected by artisanal fisheries and for the ornamental fish trade; the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) does not have sufficient data to assess its conservation status.
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
The Brazilian large-eyed stingray was described by Ulisses Gomes, Ricardo Rosa, and Otto Gadig in 2000, in the scientific journal ''Copeia''. The authors originally intended to name the ray ''Dasyatis macrophthalma'', but at the eleventh hour it was discovered that this name was a ''nomen nudum'' already used in an earlier paper by Ivan Sazima and Rodrigo Moura. The specific epithet for the new stingray was thus changed to ''marianae'', in honor of Dr. Gadig's daughter Mariana Gadig, which was applied throughout the published description except in the title, where it remained ''macrophthalma''. The authors corrected this mistake under the Principle of the First Reviser (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature Article 24.2). The type specimen is a long male caught off Recife, Brazil.〔
In 2006, Leticia de Almeida Leao Vaz and colleagues published a phylogenetic analysis, based on genomic DNA, of the Brazilian large-eyed stingray and three other common stingrays found off Brazil: the southern stingray (''D. americana''), the longnose stingray (''D. guttata''), and the roughtail stingray (''D. centroura''). They found that ''D. marianae'' is sister to a group containing ''D. americana'' and ''D. centroura''.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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